State Job Openings and Labor Turnover News Release

For release 10:00 a.m. (ET) Friday, May 17, 2024	USDL-24-0948
Technical information:	(202) 691-5870  •  JoltsInfo@bls.gov  •  www.bls.gov/jlt
Media contact:		(202) 691-5902  •  PressOffice@bls.gov

		        STATE JOB OPENINGS AND LABOR TURNOVER – MARCH 2024

Job openings rates decreased in 9 states and increased in 1 state on the last business day of March, the 
U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics reported today. Hires rates decreased in 6 states and increased in 1 state. 
Total separations rates decreased in 5 states and increased in 1 state. Nationally, the job openings, hires, 
and total separations rates showed little change in March. 

This release includes estimates of the number and rate of job openings, hires, total separations, quits, and 
layoffs and discharges for the total nonfarm sector and for all states and the District of Columbia. 

Job Openings

In March, job openings rates decreased in 9 states, increased in 1 state, and were little changed in 40 
states and the District of Columbia. The largest decreases in job openings rates occurred in Arizona, 
Indiana, and South Dakota (-1.0 percentage point each). The increase occurred in New Jersey          
(+1.1 points). Over the month, the national job openings rate was little changed. (See table 1.)

The number of job openings decreased in 12 states, increased in 1 state, and was little changed in 37 
states and the District of Columbia in March. The largest decreases in the job openings level occurred in 
California (-119,000), Pennsylvania (-50,000), and Indiana (-38,000). The increase occurred in New 
Jersey (+51,000). Nationally, the number of job openings changed little. (See table 1.)

Hires

In March, hires rates decreased in 6 states, increased in 1 state, and were little changed in 43 states and 
the District of Columbia. The largest decreases in the hires rate occurred in North Carolina and 
Tennessee (-1.1 percentage points each) and in West Virginia (-1.0 point). The increase occurred in           
New Jersey (+0.8 point). The national hires rate changed little over the month. (See table 2.)

The number of hires decreased in 6 states, increased in 1 state, and was little changed in 43 states and 
the District of Columbia in March. The largest decreases in the hires level occurred in Texas (-109,000), 
North Carolina (-53,000), and Tennessee (-36,000). The increase occurred in New Jersey 
(+35,000). Nationally, the number of hires changed little over the month. (See table 2.)

Total Separations

In March, total separations rates decreased in 5 states, increased in 1 state, and were little changed in 
44 states and the District of Columbia. The largest decreases in total separations rates occurred in 
Minnesota (-1.1 percentage points) and South Carolina (-1.0 point), as well as in New Hampshire and 
Texas (-0.9 point each). The increase occurred in Alaska (+1.2 points). Over the month, the national 
total separations rate was little changed. (See table 3.)

The number of total separations decreased in 5 states, increased in 2 states, and was little changed in 
43 states and the District of Columbia in March. The largest decreases in the total separations level 
occurred in Texas (-118,000), Minnesota (-33,000), and South Carolina (-24,000). The increases 
occurred in New York (+36,000) and Alaska (+4,000). Nationally, the number of total separations 
decreased over the month (-339,000). (See table 3.)
 
Quits

In March, quits rates decreased in 6 states, increased in 2 states, and were little changed in 42 states and 
the District of Columbia. The largest decreases in quits rates occurred in South Carolina (-1.0 percentage 
point), as well as in Oregon and Washington (-0.6 point each). The increases occurred in New Jersey 
(+0.5 point) and New York (+0.4 point). Over the month, the national quits rate was little changed.   
(See table 4.)

The number of quits decreased in 7 states, increased in 3 states, and was little changed in 40 states and 
the District of Columbia in March. The largest decreases in the quits level occurred in California 
(-71,000), Texas (-39,000), and South Carolina (-23,000). The increases occurred in New York              
(+34,000), New Jersey (+24,000), and Alaska (+2,000). Nationally, the number of quits was little 
changed. (See table 4.)

Layoffs and Discharges 

In March, layoffs and discharges rates decreased in 7 states, increased in 1 state, and were little 
changed in 42 states and the District of Columbia. The largest decreases occurred in Minnesota
(-1.0 percentage point) and New Hampshire (-0.9 point), as well as in Maine and Texas                          
(-0.6 point each). The increase occurred in Pennsylvania (+0.4 point). Over the month, the national 
layoffs and discharges rate changed little. (See table 5.)

The number of layoffs and discharges decreased in 7 states, increased in 4 states, and was little 
changed in 39 states and the District of Columbia in March. The largest decreases in the layoffs and 
discharges level occurred in Texas (-78,000), Minnesota (-30,000), and New Jersey (-18,000). The 
increases occurred in Pennsylvania (+29,000), in Florida (+23,000), and in Alaska and Wyoming     
(+2,000 each). Nationally, the number of layoffs and discharges was little changed. (See table 5.)

For more information, please see the Job Openings and Labor Turnover Survey (JOLTS) interactive 
charts at www.bls.gov/charts/state-job-openings-and-labor-turnover/state-job-openings-rates.htm#.  
_____________	
State Job Openings and Labor Turnover Survey estimates for April 2024 are scheduled to be 
released on Tuesday, June 18, 2024, at 10:00 a.m. (ET).

_________________________________________________________________________________________________________
|			    Upcoming Revisions to the JOLTS State Estimates				|							
|													|
|Effective with the release of May 2024 data on July 24, 2024, the Job Openings and Labor Turnover 	|
|Survey (JOLTS) state estimates will be benchmarked and revised to include the annual benchmark 	|
|revisions to JOLTS national estimates, the Current Employment Statistics (CES) employment 		|
|estimates, and the Quarterly Census of Employment and Wages (QCEW) data. Seasonally adjusted 		|
|and not seasonally adjusted data from January 2019 forward are subject to revision. In addition, 2023 	|
|annual estimates for states will be released at this time.						|
|_______________________________________________________________________________________________________|

Technical Note

This news release presents statistics from the Job Openings and Labor Turnover Survey (JOLTS). The JOLTS 
program provides information on labor demand and turnover. Additional information about the JOLTS program can 
be found at www.bls.gov/jlt/. State estimates are published for job openings, hires, quits, layoffs and discharges, and 
total separations. The JOLTS program covers all private nonfarm establishments, as well as civilian federal, state, 
and local government entities in the 50 states and the District of Columbia. Starting with data for January 2023, 
industries are classified in accordance with the 2022 North American Industry Classification System.

Definitions

Employment. Employment includes persons on the payroll who worked or received pay for the pay period that 
includes the 12th day of the reference month. Full-time, part-time, permanent, short-term, seasonal, salaried, and 
hourly employees are included, as are employees on paid vacation or other paid leave. Proprietors or partners of 
unincorporated businesses, unpaid family workers, or employees on strike for the entire pay period, and employees 
on leave without pay for the entire pay period are not counted as employed. Employees of temporary help agencies, 
employee leasing companies, outside contractors, and consultants are counted by their employer of record, not by 
the establishment where they are working. JOLTS does not publish employment estimates but uses the reported 
employment for validation of the other reported data elements.

Job Openings. Job openings include all positions that are open on the last business day of the reference month. 
A job is open only if it meets all three of these conditions: 
* A specific position exists and there is work available for that position. The position can be full-time or part-
time, and it can be permanent, short-term, or seasonal. 
* The job could start within 30 days, whether or not the employer can find a suitable candidate during that time. 
* The employer is actively recruiting workers from outside the establishment to fill the position. Active recruiting 
means that the establishment is taking steps to fill a position. It may include advertising in newspapers, on 
television, or on the radio; posting internet notices, posting "help wanted" signs, networking, or making "word-
of-mouth" announcements; accepting applications; interviewing candidates; contacting employment agencies; 
or soliciting employees at job fairs, state or local employment offices, or similar sources.

Excluded are positions open only to internal transfers, promotions or demotions, or recall from layoffs. Also 
excluded are openings for positions with start dates more than 30 days in the future; positions for which employees 
have been hired but the employees have not yet reported for work; and positions to be filled by employees of 
temporary help agencies, employee leasing companies, outside contractors, or consultants. The job openings rate is 
computed by dividing the number of job openings by the sum of employment and job openings and multiplying that 
quotient by 100.

Hires. Hires include all additions to the payroll during the entire reference month, including newly hired and 
rehired employees; full-time and part-time employees; permanent, short-term, and seasonal employees; employees 
who were recalled to a job at the location following a layoff (formal suspension from pay status) lasting more than 7 
days; on-call or intermittent employees who returned to work after having been formally separated; workers who 
were hired and separated during the month, and transfers from other locations. Excluded are transfers or promotions 
within the reporting location, employees returning from strike, employees of temporary help agencies, employee 
leasing companies, outside contractors, or consultants. The hires rate is computed by dividing the number of hires by 
employment and multiplying that quotient by 100.

Separations. Separations include all separations from the payroll during the entire reference month and is 
reported by type of separation:  quits, layoffs and discharges, and other separations. Quits include employees who 
left voluntarily, with the exception of retirements or transfers to other locations. Layoffs and discharges includes 
involuntary separations initiated by the employer, such as layoffs with no intent to rehire; layoffs (formal 
suspensions from pay status) lasting or expected to last more than 7 days; discharges resulting from mergers, 
downsizing, or closings; firings or other discharges for cause; terminations of permanent or short-term employees; 
and terminations of seasonal employees (whether or not they are expected to return the next season). Other 
separations include retirements, transfers to other locations, separations due to employee disability; and deaths. 
Other separations comprise less than 8 percent of total separations. Other separations rates are generally very low, 
and other separations variance estimates are relatively high. Consequently, the other separations component is not 
published for states. 

Excluded from separations are transfers within the same location; employees on strike; employees of temporary help 
agencies, employee leasing companies, outside contractors, or consultants. The separations rate is computed by 
dividing the number of separations by employment and multiplying that quotient by 100. The quits and layoffs and 
discharges rates are computed similarly.

State Estimation Method

The JOLTS survey design is a stratified random sample of approximately 21,000 nonfarm business and 
government establishments. The sample is stratified by ownership, region, industry sector, and establishment size 
class. The JOLTS sample of 21,000 establishments does not directly support the production of sample-based state 
estimates. However, state estimates have been produced by combining the available sample with model-based 
estimates.

The state estimates consist of four major estimating models; the Composite Regional model (an unpublished 
intermediate model), the Synthetic model (an unpublished intermediate model), the Composite Synthetic model 
(published historical series through the most current benchmark year), and the Extended Composite Synthetic model 
(published current-year monthly series). The Composite Regional model uses JOLTS microdata, JOLTS regional 
published estimates, and Current Employment Statistics (CES) employment data. The Composite Synthetic model 
uses JOLTS microdata and Synthetic model estimates derived from monthly employment changes in microdata from 
the Quarterly Census of Employment and Wages (QCEW), and JOLTS published regional data. The Extended 
Composite Synthetic model extends the Composite Synthetic estimates by ratio-adjusting the Composite Synthetic 
model by the ratio of the current Composite Regional model estimate to the Composite Regional model estimate 
from the previous year.

The Extended Composite Synthetic model (and its major component-the Composite Regional model) is used 
to extend the Composite Synthetic estimates because all of the inputs required by this model are available at the time 
monthly estimate are produced. In contrast, the Composite Synthetic model (and its major component-the 
Synthetic model) can only be produced when the latest QCEW data are available. The Extended Composite 
Synthetic model estimates are used to extend the Composite Synthetic model estimates during the annual JOLTS
retabulation process. The extension of the Composite Synthetic model using current data-based Composite Regional 
model estimates ensures that the Composite Synthetic model estimates reflect current economic trends.

The Composite Regional approach calculates state-level JOLTS estimates from JOLTS microdata using sample 
weights and the adjustments for non-response. The Composite Regional estimate is then benchmarked to CES state-
supersector employment to produce state-supersector estimates. The JOLTS sample, by itself, cannot ensure a 
reasonably sized sample for each state-supersector cell. The small JOLTS sample results in several state-supersector 
cells that lack enough data to produce a reasonable estimate. To overcome this issue, the state-level estimates 
derived directly from the JOLTS sample are augmented using JOLTS regional estimates when the number of 
respondents is low (that is, less than 30). This approach is known as a composite estimate, which leverages the small 
JOLTS sample to the greatest extent possible and supplements that with a model-based estimate. Previous research 
has found that regional industry estimates are a good proxy at finer levels of geographical detail. That is, one can 
make a reliable prediction of JOLTS estimates at the regional-level using only national industry-level JOLTS rates. 
The assumption in this approach is that one can make a good prediction of JOLTS estimates at the state-level using 
only regional industry-level JOLTS rates.)

In this approach, the JOLTS microdata-based estimate is used, without model augmentation, in all state-
supersector cells that have 30 or more respondents. The JOLTS regional estimate will be used, without a sample-
based component, in all state-supersector cells that have fewer than five respondents. In all state-supersector cells 
with 5 to 30 respondents, an estimate is calculated that is a composition of a weighted estimate of the microdata-
based estimate and a weighted estimate of the JOLTS regional estimate. The weight assigned to the JOLTS data in 
those cells is proportional the number of JOLTS respondents in the cell (weight=n/30, where n is the number of 
respondents). The sum of state estimates within a region is made equal to the aligned regional JOLTS published 
regional estimates.

Seasonal adjustment. BLS uses the seasonal adjustment program (X-13ARIMA-SEATS) to seasonally adjust 
the JOLTS series. Each month, a concurrent seasonal adjustment methodology uses all relevant data, up to and 
including the current month, to calculate new seasonal adjustment factors. Moving averages are used as seasonal 
filters in seasonal adjustment. JOLTS seasonal adjustment includes both additive and multiplicative models, as well 
as regression with autocorrelated errors (REGARIMA) modeling, to improve the seasonal adjustment factors at the 
beginning and end of the series and to detect and adjust for outliers in the series. 

Annual estimates and benchmarking. The JOLTS state estimates utilize and leverage data from three BLS 
programs; JOLTS, CES, and QCEW. These state estimates are published as a historical series made up of a 
historical annually revised benchmark component ofthe Composite Synthetic model and a current component of the 
Extended Composite Synthetic model that provides monthly "real-time" estimates between lagged benchmarks.

The JOLTS employment levels are ratio-adjusted to the CES employment levels, and the resulting ratios are 
applied to all JOLTS data elements.

The seasonally adjusted estimates are recalculated for the most recent 5 years to reflect updated seasonal 
adjustment factors. These annual updates result in revisions to both the seasonally adjusted and not seasonally 
adjusted JOLTS data series for the period since the last benchmark was established.

Annual levels for hires, quits, layoffs and discharges, other separations, and total separations are the sum of the 
12 published monthly levels. 

Annual average levels for job openings are calculated by dividing the sum of the 12 published monthly levels 
by 12. 

Annual average rates for hires, total separations quits, and layoffs and discharges are calculated by dividing the 
sum of the 12 monthly JOLTS published levels for each data element by the sum of the 12 monthly CES published 
employment levels, and multiplying that quotient by 100. 

Annual average rates for job openings are calculated by dividing the sum of the 12 monthly JOLTS published 
levels by the sum of the 12 monthly CES published employment levels plus the sum of the 12 monthly job openings 
levels, and multiplying that quotient by 100.)

Reliability of the estimates

JOLTS estimates are subject to two types of error:  sampling error and nonsampling error.

Sampling error can result when a sample, rather than an entire population, is surveyed. There is a chance that 
the sample estimates may differ from the true population values they represent. The exact difference, or sampling 
error, varies with the sample selected, and this variability is measured by the standard error of the estimate. BLS 
analyses are generally conducted at the 90-percent level of confidence. This means that there is a 90-percent chance 
that the true population mean will fall into the interval created by the sample mean plus or minus 1.65 standard 
errors. Estimates of median standard errors are released monthly as part of the significant change tables on the 
JOLTS webpage. Standard errors are updated annually with the most recent 5 years of data. For sampling error 
estimates, see www.bls.gov/jlt/jolts_median_standard_errors.htm.

Nonsampling error can occur for many reasons, including the failure to include a segment of the population, the 
inability to obtain data from all units in the sample, the inability or unwillingness of respondents to provide data on a 
timely basis, mistakes made by respondents, errors made in the collection or processing of the data, and errors from 
the employment benchmark data used in estimation. The JOLTS program uses quality control procedures to reduce 
nonsampling error in the survey's design. 

The JOLTS state variance estimates account for both sampling error and the error attributable to modeling. A 
small area domain model uses a Bayesian approach to develop estimates of JOLTS state variance. The small area 
model uses QCEW-based JOLTS synthetic model data to generate a Bayesian prior distribution, then updates the 
prior distribution using JOLTS microdata and sample-based variance estimates at the state and US Census regional 
level to generate a Bayesian posterior distribution. Once the Bayesian posterior distribution has been generated, 
estimates of JOLTS state variances are made by drawing 2,500 estimates from the Bayesian posterior distribution. 
This Bayesian approach thus indirectly accounts for sampling error and directly for model error.

Other information

If you are deaf, hard of hearing, or have a speech disability, please dial 7-1-1 to access telecommunications 
relay services.

Table 1. Job openings levels and rates for total nonfarm by state, seasonally adjusted

State	Levels (in thousands)						Rates
	Mar. 2023	Dec. 2023	Jan. 2024	Feb. 2024	Mar. 2024(p)	Change from: Feb. 2024 - Mar. 2024(p)	Mar. 2023	Dec. 2023	Jan. 2024	Feb. 2024	Mar. 2024(p)	Change from: Feb. 2024 - Mar. 2024(p)
TOTAL U.S.	9,623	8,889	8,748	8,813	8,488	-325	5.8	5.3	5.3	5.3	5.1	-0.2
Alabama	131	135	131	126	124	-2	5.8	5.8	5.7	5.4	5.4	0.0
Alaska	26	25	24	27	26	-1	7.4	7.0	6.7	7.5	7.2	-0.3
Arizona	206	167	141	184	151	-33	6.1	4.9	4.2	5.4	4.4	-1.0
Arkansas	97	78	74	76	80	4	6.7	5.4	5.2	5.3	5.5	0.2
California	895	871	773	853	734	-119	4.7	4.6	4.1	4.5	3.9	-0.6
Colorado	214	217	195	201	204	3	6.9	6.8	6.2	6.3	6.4	0.1
Connecticut	100	93	89	87	90	3	5.6	5.2	5.0	4.9	5.0	0.1
Delaware	36	30	35	32	30	-2	6.9	5.8	6.7	6.2	5.8	-0.4
District of Columbia	46	41	46	38	36	-2	5.6	5.1	5.6	4.7	4.5	-0.2
Florida	662	522	537	530	543	13	6.4	5.0	5.1	5.1	5.2	0.1
Georgia	383	288	281	270	263	-7	7.3	5.5	5.4	5.2	5.0	-0.2
Hawaii	33	28	25	32	28	-4	5.0	4.2	3.8	4.8	4.2	-0.6
Idaho	55	51	50	50	45	-5	6.1	5.6	5.5	5.5	4.9	-0.6
Illinois	401	363	367	387	385	-2	6.2	5.6	5.7	5.9	5.9	0.0
Indiana	175	157	160	192	154	-38	5.1	4.6	4.7	5.5	4.5	-1.0
Iowa	94	91	93	83	74	-9	5.6	5.4	5.5	4.9	4.4	-0.5
Kansas	84	85	80	85	85	0	5.5	5.5	5.2	5.5	5.5	0.0
Kentucky	138	118	116	117	123	6	6.4	5.5	5.4	5.5	5.7	0.2
Louisiana	143	124	121	127	120	-7	6.8	6.0	5.8	6.1	5.8	-0.3
Maine	49	39	45	38	37	-1	7.1	5.6	6.4	5.5	5.3	-0.2
Maryland	200	169	206	191	195	4	6.8	5.8	7.0	6.5	6.6	0.1
Massachusetts	282	232	218	229	226	-3	7.0	5.9	5.5	5.8	5.7	-0.1
Michigan	250	285	248	237	246	9	5.4	6.0	5.3	5.0	5.2	0.2
Minnesota	180	198	182	171	164	-7	5.7	6.2	5.7	5.4	5.1	-0.3
Mississippi	84	75	73	72	70	-2	6.7	6.0	5.8	5.7	5.6	-0.1
Missouri	187	166	196	190	159	-31	5.9	5.2	6.1	5.9	5.0	-0.9
Montana	37	36	36	38	34	-4	6.7	6.4	6.4	6.7	6.0	-0.7
Nebraska	57	58	56	58	54	-4	5.2	5.2	5.0	5.2	4.8	-0.4
Nevada	100	84	83	83	77	-6	6.1	5.1	5.0	5.0	4.7	-0.3
New Hampshire	49	39	41	40	40	0	6.5	5.2	5.5	5.4	5.4	0.0
New Jersey	240	221	207	207	258	51	5.3	4.8	4.5	4.5	5.6	1.1
New Mexico	61	56	55	62	55	-7	6.6	6.0	5.9	6.6	5.8	-0.8
New York	430	474	517	513	532	19	4.2	4.6	5.0	5.0	5.1	0.1
North Carolina	372	288	288	275	267	-8	7.1	5.5	5.5	5.2	5.1	-0.1
North Dakota	29	26	26	27	24	-3	6.3	5.6	5.6	5.8	5.2	-0.6
Ohio	347	328	327	286	253	-33	5.8	5.5	5.5	4.8	4.3	-0.5
Oklahoma	119	108	115	118	115	-3	6.5	5.8	6.1	6.2	6.1	-0.1
Oregon	120	102	142	111	107	-4	5.7	4.9	6.7	5.3	5.1	-0.2
Pennsylvania	420	365	365	351	301	-50	6.4	5.6	5.6	5.4	4.7	-0.7
Rhode Island	33	31	28	32	32	0	6.2	5.7	5.2	5.9	5.9	0.0
South Carolina	182	160	169	162	169	7	7.4	6.4	6.7	6.4	6.7	0.3
South Dakota	29	28	27	30	25	-5	5.9	5.6	5.5	6.0	5.0	-1.0
Tennessee	244	212	200	187	177	-10	6.9	6.0	5.7	5.3	5.0	-0.3
Texas	821	843	780	814	807	-7	5.6	5.7	5.3	5.5	5.4	-0.1
Utah	105	89	89	92	87	-5	5.8	4.9	4.9	5.0	4.7	-0.3
Vermont	20	17	18	17	19	2	6.1	5.2	5.5	5.2	5.7	0.5
Virginia	328	263	269	271	243	-28	7.3	5.9	6.0	6.0	5.4	-0.6
Washington	187	165	175	180	172	-8	4.9	4.3	4.6	4.7	4.5	-0.2
West Virginia	54	50	52	43	44	1	7.2	6.5	6.7	5.6	5.8	0.2
Wisconsin	188	178	160	174	183	9	5.9	5.6	5.0	5.4	5.7	0.3
Wyoming	20	19	18	18	18	0	6.5	6.1	5.8	5.8	5.8	0.0
Footnotes (p) Preliminary

Table 2. Hires levels and rates for total nonfarm by state, seasonally adjusted

State	Levels (in thousands)						Rates
	Mar. 2023	Dec. 2023	Jan. 2024	Feb. 2024	Mar. 2024(p)	Change from: Feb. 2024 - Mar. 2024(p)	Mar. 2023	Dec. 2023	Jan. 2024	Feb. 2024	Mar. 2024(p)	Change from: Feb. 2024 - Mar. 2024(p)
TOTAL U.S.	5,955	5,787	5,698	5,781	5,500	-281	3.8	3.7	3.6	3.7	3.5	-0.2
Alabama	90	101	91	93	91	-2	4.2	4.6	4.2	4.3	4.2	-0.1
Alaska	20	18	19	21	18	-3	6.2	5.4	5.7	6.3	5.4	-0.9
Arizona	147	131	126	120	114	-6	4.7	4.1	3.9	3.7	3.5	-0.2
Arkansas	59	64	57	60	57	-3	4.4	4.7	4.2	4.4	4.2	-0.2
California	579	533	501	523	507	-16	3.2	3.0	2.8	2.9	2.8	-0.1
Colorado	117	132	114	111	110	-1	4.0	4.5	3.8	3.7	3.7	0.0
Connecticut	59	63	63	62	58	-4	3.5	3.7	3.7	3.6	3.4	-0.2
Delaware	24	25	26	24	20	-4	5.0	5.1	5.3	4.9	4.1	-0.8
District of Columbia	27	25	24	26	23	-3	3.5	3.3	3.1	3.4	3.0	-0.4
Florida	383	466	375	437	428	-9	4.0	4.7	3.8	4.4	4.3	-0.1
Georgia	235	189	212	206	189	-17	4.8	3.8	4.3	4.2	3.8	-0.4
Hawaii	23	20	18	22	19	-3	3.6	3.2	2.8	3.5	3.0	-0.5
Idaho	42	37	41	37	38	1	5.0	4.3	4.8	4.3	4.4	0.1
Illinois	241	217	213	191	220	29	3.9	3.6	3.5	3.1	3.6	0.5
Indiana	131	112	117	115	111	-4	4.0	3.4	3.6	3.5	3.4	-0.1
Iowa	57	48	60	52	48	-4	3.6	3.0	3.8	3.2	3.0	-0.2
Kansas	51	52	51	50	55	5	3.5	3.6	3.5	3.4	3.8	0.4
Kentucky	93	103	91	87	78	-9	4.6	5.1	4.5	4.3	3.8	-0.5
Louisiana	95	94	92	95	83	-12	4.9	4.8	4.7	4.9	4.2	-0.7
Maine	28	23	23	28	25	-3	4.3	3.5	3.5	4.3	3.8	-0.5
Maryland	116	121	108	105	101	-4	4.2	4.4	3.9	3.8	3.7	-0.1
Massachusetts	130	107	102	111	119	8	3.5	2.9	2.7	3.0	3.2	0.2
Michigan	164	145	146	146	153	7	3.7	3.2	3.3	3.3	3.4	0.1
Minnesota	111	106	116	100	97	-3	3.7	3.5	3.9	3.3	3.2	-0.1
Mississippi	48	57	52	50	45	-5	4.1	4.8	4.4	4.2	3.8	-0.4
Missouri	109	92	100	107	101	-6	3.7	3.1	3.3	3.6	3.3	-0.3
Montana	28	27	28	27	26	-1	5.4	5.1	5.3	5.1	4.9	-0.2
Nebraska	36	35	38	36	37	1	3.4	3.3	3.6	3.4	3.5	0.1
Nevada	72	66	60	65	63	-2	4.7	4.2	3.8	4.1	4.0	-0.1
New Hampshire	31	26	27	28	28	0	4.4	3.7	3.8	4.0	4.0	0.0
New Jersey	203	145	146	153	188	35	4.7	3.3	3.3	3.5	4.3	0.8
New Mexico	38	31	36	30	32	2	4.4	3.5	4.1	3.4	3.6	0.2
New York	297	285	277	247	271	24	3.1	2.9	2.8	2.5	2.8	0.3
North Carolina	180	177	197	227	174	-53	3.7	3.6	4.0	4.6	3.5	-1.1
North Dakota	18	16	18	17	16	-1	4.1	3.6	4.1	3.9	3.6	-0.3
Ohio	210	191	193	213	199	-14	3.8	3.4	3.4	3.8	3.5	-0.3
Oklahoma	79	83	80	84	76	-8	4.6	4.7	4.5	4.7	4.3	-0.4
Oregon	85	68	87	73	68	-5	4.3	3.4	4.4	3.7	3.4	-0.3
Pennsylvania	185	171	227	185	165	-20	3.0	2.8	3.7	3.0	2.7	-0.3
Rhode Island	23	20	19	22	21	-1	4.6	3.9	3.7	4.3	4.1	-0.2
South Carolina	99	111	121	106	113	7	4.3	4.8	5.2	4.5	4.8	0.3
South Dakota	19	18	20	19	17	-2	4.1	3.8	4.3	4.1	3.6	-0.5
Tennessee	149	155	139	171	135	-36	4.5	4.7	4.2	5.2	4.1	-1.1
Texas	599	586	526	590	481	-109	4.3	4.2	3.7	4.2	3.4	-0.8
Utah	71	65	64	63	62	-1	4.1	3.7	3.7	3.6	3.6	0.0
Vermont	13	12	12	12	12	0	4.2	3.9	3.8	3.8	3.8	0.0
Virginia	178	165	169	177	167	-10	4.3	3.9	4.0	4.2	3.9	-0.3
Washington	124	110	120	116	103	-13	3.4	3.0	3.3	3.2	2.8	-0.4
West Virginia	36	35	38	36	29	-7	5.1	4.9	5.3	5.0	4.0	-1.0
Wisconsin	98	95	105	92	94	2	3.3	3.1	3.5	3.0	3.1	0.1
Wyoming	15	13	14	13	13	0	5.2	4.4	4.8	4.4	4.4	0.0
Footnotes (p) Preliminary

Table 3. Total separations levels and rates for total nonfarm by state, seasonally adjusted

State	Levels (in thousands)						Rates
	Mar. 2023	Dec. 2023	Jan. 2024	Feb. 2024	Mar. 2024(p)	Change from: Feb. 2024 - Mar. 2024(p)	Mar. 2023	Dec. 2023	Jan. 2024	Feb. 2024	Mar. 2024(p)	Change from: Feb. 2024 - Mar. 2024(p)
TOTAL U.S.	5,917	5,419	5,449	5,539	5,200	-339	3.8	3.4	3.5	3.5	3.3	-0.2
Alabama	90	77	82	81	89	8	4.2	3.5	3.8	3.7	4.1	0.4
Alaska	19	21	17	20	24	4	5.9	6.3	5.1	6.0	7.2	1.2
Arizona	141	133	120	119	111	-8	4.5	4.1	3.7	3.7	3.4	-0.3
Arkansas	62	54	51	55	49	-6	4.6	4.0	3.8	4.0	3.6	-0.4
California	636	542	506	499	442	-57	3.5	3.0	2.8	2.8	2.5	-0.3
Colorado	134	104	128	114	106	-8	4.6	3.5	4.3	3.8	3.6	-0.2
Connecticut	59	58	53	59	56	-3	3.5	3.4	3.1	3.5	3.3	-0.2
Delaware	24	20	24	22	19	-3	5.0	4.1	4.9	4.5	3.9	-0.6
District of Columbia	24	22	23	21	22	1	3.1	2.9	3.0	2.7	2.9	0.2
Florida	404	376	392	395	404	9	4.2	3.8	4.0	4.0	4.1	0.1
Georgia	219	191	191	169	156	-13	4.5	3.9	3.9	3.4	3.2	-0.2
Hawaii	22	20	19	22	22	0	3.5	3.2	3.0	3.5	3.5	0.0
Idaho	39	39	41	43	42	-1	4.6	4.6	4.8	5.0	4.8	-0.2
Illinois	227	204	189	182	191	9	3.7	3.3	3.1	3.0	3.1	0.1
Indiana	133	127	123	122	110	-12	4.1	3.9	3.8	3.7	3.4	-0.3
Iowa	59	53	65	59	54	-5	3.7	3.3	4.1	3.7	3.3	-0.4
Kansas	58	53	58	50	54	4	4.0	3.7	4.0	3.4	3.7	0.3
Kentucky	92	71	79	77	72	-5	4.6	3.5	3.9	3.8	3.5	-0.3
Louisiana	103	84	88	82	74	-8	5.3	4.3	4.5	4.2	3.8	-0.4
Maine	29	24	24	29	27	-2	4.5	3.7	3.7	4.4	4.1	-0.3
Maryland	131	92	99	102	98	-4	4.8	3.4	3.6	3.7	3.6	-0.1
Massachusetts	119	102	96	111	100	-11	3.2	2.7	2.6	3.0	2.7	-0.3
Michigan	153	133	141	136	145	9	3.5	3.0	3.2	3.0	3.2	0.2
Minnesota	106	95	95	126	93	-33	3.6	3.2	3.2	4.2	3.1	-1.1
Mississippi	52	52	51	48	41	-7	4.4	4.4	4.3	4.0	3.4	-0.6
Missouri	108	102	95	105	95	-10	3.6	3.4	3.2	3.5	3.1	-0.4
Montana	30	27	27	30	29	-1	5.8	5.1	5.1	5.7	5.5	-0.2
Nebraska	38	38	45	36	35	-1	3.6	3.6	4.3	3.4	3.3	-0.1
Nevada	68	63	59	75	65	-10	4.4	4.0	3.8	4.8	4.1	-0.7
New Hampshire	35	24	27	33	27	-6	5.0	3.4	3.8	4.7	3.8	-0.9
New Jersey	158	134	149	121	129	8	3.7	3.1	3.4	2.8	2.9	0.1
New Mexico	36	31	35	33	33	0	4.2	3.5	4.0	3.7	3.7	0.0
New York	262	277	274	263	299	36	2.7	2.8	2.8	2.7	3.0	0.3
North Carolina	190	181	180	163	155	-8	3.9	3.6	3.6	3.3	3.1	-0.2
North Dakota	18	19	18	18	18	0	4.1	4.3	4.1	4.1	4.1	0.0
Ohio	195	187	173	191	186	-5	3.5	3.3	3.1	3.4	3.3	-0.1
Oklahoma	71	64	72	68	67	-1	4.1	3.6	4.1	3.8	3.8	0.0
Oregon	82	63	84	83	77	-6	4.1	3.2	4.3	4.2	3.9	-0.3
Pennsylvania	189	178	177	190	191	1	3.1	2.9	2.9	3.1	3.1	0.0
Rhode Island	22	20	19	22	19	-3	4.4	3.9	3.7	4.3	3.7	-0.6
South Carolina	103	98	106	101	77	-24	4.5	4.2	4.5	4.3	3.3	-1.0
South Dakota	19	19	21	18	17	-1	4.1	4.0	4.5	3.8	3.6	-0.2
Tennessee	158	139	116	142	129	-13	4.8	4.2	3.5	4.3	3.9	-0.4
Texas	520	513	506	586	468	-118	3.8	3.7	3.6	4.2	3.3	-0.9
Utah	68	77	71	75	70	-5	4.0	4.4	4.1	4.3	4.0	-0.3
Vermont	15	13	12	13	12	-1	4.9	4.2	3.8	4.2	3.8	-0.4
Virginia	177	147	155	152	153	1	4.3	3.5	3.7	3.6	3.6	0.0
Washington	139	108	112	121	99	-22	3.8	3.0	3.1	3.3	2.7	-0.6
West Virginia	34	33	33	28	30	2	4.9	4.6	4.6	3.9	4.2	0.3
Wisconsin	107	102	113	110	102	-8	3.6	3.4	3.7	3.6	3.4	-0.2
Wyoming	15	15	14	16	17	1	5.2	5.1	4.8	5.5	5.8	0.3
Footnotes (p) Preliminary

Table 4. Quits levels and rates for total nonfarm by state, seasonally adjusted

State	Levels (in thousands)						Rates
	Mar. 2023	Dec. 2023	Jan. 2024	Feb. 2024	Mar. 2024(p)	Change from: Feb. 2024 - Mar. 2024(p)	Mar. 2023	Dec. 2023	Jan. 2024	Feb. 2024	Mar. 2024(p)	Change from: Feb. 2024 - Mar. 2024(p)
TOTAL U.S.	3,809	3,439	3,446	3,527	3,329	-198	2.5	2.2	2.2	2.2	2.1	-0.1
Alabama	63	56	58	50	52	2	2.9	2.6	2.7	2.3	2.4	0.1
Alaska	11	13	11	13	15	2	3.4	3.9	3.3	3.9	4.5	0.6
Arizona	95	78	76	77	64	-13	3.0	2.4	2.3	2.4	2.0	-0.4
Arkansas	42	36	33	36	33	-3	3.1	2.7	2.4	2.6	2.4	-0.2
California	359	315	316	333	262	-71	2.0	1.8	1.8	1.9	1.5	-0.4
Colorado	77	63	87	75	67	-8	2.7	2.1	2.9	2.5	2.2	-0.3
Connecticut	34	34	31	33	31	-2	2.0	2.0	1.8	1.9	1.8	-0.1
Delaware	16	14	15	14	12	-2	3.3	2.9	3.1	2.9	2.5	-0.4
District of Columbia	16	14	14	14	14	0	2.1	1.8	1.8	1.8	1.8	0.0
Florida	279	250	268	297	273	-24	2.9	2.5	2.7	3.0	2.8	-0.2
Georgia	151	137	124	108	103	-5	3.1	2.8	2.5	2.2	2.1	-0.1
Hawaii	14	11	12	13	13	0	2.2	1.7	1.9	2.0	2.0	0.0
Idaho	25	24	26	28	25	-3	3.0	2.8	3.0	3.2	2.9	-0.3
Illinois	135	129	120	113	129	16	2.2	2.1	2.0	1.8	2.1	0.3
Indiana	88	67	75	81	77	-4	2.7	2.1	2.3	2.5	2.3	-0.2
Iowa	37	35	37	36	37	1	2.3	2.2	2.3	2.2	2.3	0.1
Kansas	37	34	31	32	37	5	2.6	2.3	2.1	2.2	2.5	0.3
Kentucky	65	49	54	52	46	-6	3.2	2.4	2.7	2.6	2.3	-0.3
Louisiana	70	53	56	52	45	-7	3.6	2.7	2.9	2.7	2.3	-0.4
Maine	16	14	14	14	16	2	2.5	2.1	2.1	2.1	2.4	0.3
Maryland	86	60	62	63	62	-1	3.1	2.2	2.3	2.3	2.3	0.0
Massachusetts	63	60	55	57	59	2	1.7	1.6	1.5	1.5	1.6	0.1
Michigan	94	79	80	85	89	4	2.1	1.8	1.8	1.9	2.0	0.1
Minnesota	68	65	53	64	62	-2	2.3	2.2	1.8	2.1	2.1	0.0
Mississippi	35	34	35	31	26	-5	3.0	2.9	3.0	2.6	2.2	-0.4
Missouri	72	66	56	73	66	-7	2.4	2.2	1.9	2.4	2.2	-0.2
Montana	17	16	17	19	16	-3	3.3	3.1	3.2	3.6	3.0	-0.6
Nebraska	23	24	24	23	23	0	2.2	2.3	2.3	2.2	2.2	0.0
Nevada	43	37	35	45	38	-7	2.8	2.4	2.2	2.9	2.4	-0.5
New Hampshire	21	15	16	15	15	0	3.0	2.1	2.3	2.1	2.1	0.0
New Jersey	91	78	71	65	89	24	2.1	1.8	1.6	1.5	2.0	0.5
New Mexico	22	18	22	21	19	-2	2.5	2.0	2.5	2.4	2.1	-0.3
New York	164	161	154	161	195	34	1.7	1.6	1.6	1.6	2.0	0.4
North Carolina	123	107	103	105	112	7	2.5	2.2	2.1	2.1	2.2	0.1
North Dakota	10	12	10	11	11	0	2.3	2.7	2.3	2.5	2.5	0.0
Ohio	133	113	112	120	121	1	2.4	2.0	2.0	2.1	2.1	0.0
Oklahoma	48	41	46	47	42	-5	2.8	2.3	2.6	2.6	2.4	-0.2
Oregon	51	40	52	51	40	-11	2.6	2.0	2.6	2.6	2.0	-0.6
Pennsylvania	118	129	122	114	93	-21	1.9	2.1	2.0	1.9	1.5	-0.4
Rhode Island	13	11	11	11	11	0	2.6	2.2	2.1	2.1	2.1	0.0
South Carolina	73	67	69	72	49	-23	3.2	2.9	2.9	3.1	2.1	-1.0
South Dakota	12	12	12	12	11	-1	2.6	2.6	2.6	2.6	2.3	-0.3
Tennessee	99	92	80	86	88	2	3.0	2.8	2.4	2.6	2.6	0.0
Texas	376	364	359	381	342	-39	2.7	2.6	2.6	2.7	2.4	-0.3
Utah	44	49	49	47	42	-5	2.6	2.8	2.8	2.7	2.4	-0.3
Vermont	8	8	7	6	7	1	2.6	2.6	2.2	1.9	2.2	0.3
Virginia	120	95	102	95	99	4	2.9	2.3	2.4	2.3	2.3	0.0
Washington	84	64	71	77	55	-22	2.3	1.8	2.0	2.1	1.5	-0.6
West Virginia	24	23	22	18	20	2	3.4	3.2	3.1	2.5	2.8	0.3
Wisconsin	67	63	70	67	68	1	2.2	2.1	2.3	2.2	2.2	0.0
Wyoming	9	9	10	11	10	-1	3.1	3.1	3.4	3.8	3.4	-0.4
Footnotes (p) Preliminary

Table 5. Layoffs and discharges levels and rates for total nonfarm by state, seasonally adjusted

State	Levels (in thousands)						Rates
	Mar. 2023	Dec. 2023	Jan. 2024	Feb. 2024	Mar. 2024(p)	Change from: Feb. 2024 - Mar. 2024(p)	Mar. 2023	Dec. 2023	Jan. 2024	Feb. 2024	Mar. 2024(p)	Change from: Feb. 2024 - Mar. 2024(p)
TOTAL U.S.	1,825	1,607	1,596	1,681	1,526	-155	1.2	1.0	1.0	1.1	1.0	-0.1
Alabama	22	17	20	27	31	4	1.0	0.8	0.9	1.2	1.4	0.2
Alaska	6	7	5	5	7	2	1.8	2.1	1.5	1.5	2.1	0.6
Arizona	36	41	38	36	42	6	1.1	1.3	1.2	1.1	1.3	0.2
Arkansas	16	14	14	17	13	-4	1.2	1.0	1.0	1.2	1.0	-0.2
California	249	191	165	137	147	10	1.4	1.1	0.9	0.8	0.8	0.0
Colorado	45	33	34	33	33	0	1.6	1.1	1.1	1.1	1.1	0.0
Connecticut	22	18	19	20	19	-1	1.3	1.1	1.1	1.2	1.1	-0.1
Delaware	7	5	8	6	6	0	1.4	1.0	1.6	1.2	1.2	0.0
District of Columbia	6	6	6	5	6	1	0.8	0.8	0.8	0.6	0.8	0.2
Florida	107	103	105	89	112	23	1.1	1.0	1.1	0.9	1.1	0.2
Georgia	57	42	52	53	40	-13	1.2	0.9	1.1	1.1	0.8	-0.3
Hawaii	7	7	5	7	8	1	1.1	1.1	0.8	1.1	1.3	0.2
Idaho	11	13	12	12	15	3	1.3	1.5	1.4	1.4	1.7	0.3
Illinois	86	63	52	54	52	-2	1.4	1.0	0.9	0.9	0.8	-0.1
Indiana	39	53	34	34	28	-6	1.2	1.6	1.0	1.0	0.9	-0.1
Iowa	18	15	18	18	14	-4	1.1	0.9	1.1	1.1	0.9	-0.2
Kansas	17	15	16	14	14	0	1.2	1.0	1.1	1.0	1.0	0.0
Kentucky	22	18	20	21	19	-2	1.1	0.9	1.0	1.0	0.9	-0.1
Louisiana	29	24	25	27	21	-6	1.5	1.2	1.3	1.4	1.1	-0.3
Maine	11	7	8	12	8	-4	1.7	1.1	1.2	1.8	1.2	-0.6
Maryland	37	25	27	33	26	-7	1.4	0.9	1.0	1.2	0.9	-0.3
Massachusetts	52	32	34	41	30	-11	1.4	0.9	0.9	1.1	0.8	-0.3
Michigan	53	38	44	43	43	0	1.2	0.9	1.0	1.0	1.0	0.0
Minnesota	32	26	27	56	26	-30	1.1	0.9	0.9	1.9	0.9	-1.0
Mississippi	13	14	13	13	12	-1	1.1	1.2	1.1	1.1	1.0	-0.1
Missouri	29	29	28	25	24	-1	1.0	1.0	0.9	0.8	0.8	0.0
Montana	10	9	8	9	11	2	1.9	1.7	1.5	1.7	2.1	0.4
Nebraska	12	12	13	11	10	-1	1.1	1.1	1.2	1.0	0.9	-0.1
Nevada	22	23	21	26	24	-2	1.4	1.5	1.3	1.7	1.5	-0.2
New Hampshire	13	7	9	14	8	-6	1.9	1.0	1.3	2.0	1.1	-0.9
New Jersey	61	40	66	46	28	-18	1.4	0.9	1.5	1.1	0.6	-0.5
New Mexico	11	11	11	9	12	3	1.3	1.2	1.2	1.0	1.4	0.4
New York	83	91	102	90	93	3	0.9	0.9	1.0	0.9	0.9	0.0
North Carolina	56	62	68	49	34	-15	1.1	1.2	1.4	1.0	0.7	-0.3
North Dakota	6	6	5	5	6	1	1.4	1.4	1.1	1.1	1.4	0.3
Ohio	50	63	39	58	49	-9	0.9	1.1	0.7	1.0	0.9	-0.1
Oklahoma	20	18	22	18	21	3	1.2	1.0	1.2	1.0	1.2	0.2
Oregon	26	18	26	23	30	7	1.3	0.9	1.3	1.2	1.5	0.3
Pennsylvania	66	39	48	54	83	29	1.1	0.6	0.8	0.9	1.3	0.4
Rhode Island	8	6	7	8	6	-2	1.6	1.2	1.4	1.6	1.2	-0.4
South Carolina	25	26	31	25	23	-2	1.1	1.1	1.3	1.1	1.0	-0.1
South Dakota	5	6	5	5	5	0	1.1	1.3	1.1	1.1	1.1	0.0
Tennessee	53	38	28	50	33	-17	1.6	1.2	0.8	1.5	1.0	-0.5
Texas	127	125	124	182	104	-78	0.9	0.9	0.9	1.3	0.7	-0.6
Utah	19	21	18	23	25	2	1.1	1.2	1.0	1.3	1.4	0.1
Vermont	7	4	4	5	4	-1	2.3	1.3	1.3	1.6	1.3	-0.3
Virginia	48	43	40	49	42	-7	1.2	1.0	1.0	1.2	1.0	-0.2
Washington	46	37	34	34	39	5	1.3	1.0	0.9	0.9	1.1	0.2
West Virginia	8	7	8	8	8	0	1.1	1.0	1.1	1.1	1.1	0.0
Wisconsin	31	32	29	38	28	-10	1.0	1.1	1.0	1.3	0.9	-0.4
Wyoming	5	4	4	5	7	2	1.7	1.4	1.4	1.7	2.4	0.7
Footnotes (p) Preliminary

Table 6. Job openings levels and rates for total nonfarm by state, not seasonally adjusted

State	Levels (in thousands)			Rates
	Mar. 2023	Feb. 2024	Mar. 2024(p)	Mar. 2023	Feb. 2024	Mar. 2024(p)
TOTAL U.S.	9,477	8,430	8,304	5.8	5.1	5.0
Alabama	130	123	121	5.7	5.3	5.2
Alaska	23	26	23	6.7	7.4	6.5
Arizona	197	179	137	5.9	5.2	4.0
Arkansas	94	75	78	6.5	5.2	5.4
California	865	809	688	4.6	4.3	3.7
Colorado	216	202	210	7.0	6.4	6.6
Connecticut	95	83	87	5.4	4.7	4.9
Delaware	33	27	27	6.4	5.3	5.2
District of Columbia	46	36	36	5.7	4.5	4.5
Florida	661	508	545	6.4	4.9	5.2
Georgia	379	262	255	7.2	5.1	4.9
Hawaii	32	35	26	4.8	5.3	3.9
Idaho	55	48	45	6.2	5.3	5.0
Illinois	401	375	382	6.2	5.9	5.9
Indiana	176	180	152	5.2	5.3	4.5
Iowa	93	77	71	5.6	4.6	4.2
Kansas	78	83	78	5.1	5.4	5.1
Kentucky	139	111	125	6.5	5.2	5.8
Louisiana	144	124	117	6.9	6.0	5.7
Maine	46	34	34	6.8	5.0	5.1
Maryland	188	196	190	6.5	6.8	6.5
Massachusetts	276	214	230	6.9	5.5	5.9
Michigan	245	217	239	5.3	4.7	5.1
Minnesota	172	156	148	5.5	5.0	4.7
Mississippi	79	69	64	6.3	5.5	5.1
Missouri	197	183	163	6.2	5.8	5.2
Montana	34	32	30	6.2	5.8	5.5
Nebraska	58	56	52	5.3	5.1	4.7
Nevada	104	83	80	6.3	5.0	4.9
New Hampshire	46	36	39	6.2	4.9	5.2
New Jersey	225	195	249	5.0	4.4	5.4
New Mexico	55	57	49	6.0	6.1	5.2
New York	422	494	540	4.2	4.9	5.3
North Carolina	375	268	271	7.1	5.1	5.2
North Dakota	29	25	23	6.4	5.5	5.1
Ohio	370	276	260	6.3	4.7	4.4
Oklahoma	117	108	114	6.4	5.8	6.0
Oregon	118	106	105	5.6	5.1	5.1
Pennsylvania	426	344	304	6.6	5.4	4.7
Rhode Island	31	32	31	5.9	6.0	5.9
South Carolina	176	156	164	7.2	6.2	6.5
South Dakota	29	28	24	6.0	5.8	5.0
Tennessee	239	181	171	6.7	5.2	4.9
Texas	804	771	793	5.5	5.2	5.3
Utah	100	86	82	5.5	4.7	4.5
Vermont	17	15	16	5.3	4.6	5.0
Virginia	324	266	241	7.3	6.0	5.4
Washington	184	172	170	4.9	4.6	4.5
West Virginia	56	39	43	7.4	5.2	5.7
Wisconsin	178	158	166	5.7	5.0	5.2
Wyoming	17	14	15	5.5	4.8	4.9
Footnotes (p) Preliminary

Table 7. Hires levels and rates for total nonfarm by state, not seasonally adjusted

State	Levels (in thousands)			Rates
	Mar. 2023	Feb. 2024	Mar. 2024(p)	Mar. 2023	Feb. 2024	Mar. 2024(p)
TOTAL U.S.	5,446	4,855	4,932	3.5	3.1	3.1
Alabama	79	78	80	3.7	3.6	3.7
Alaska	14	17	12	4.4	5.1	3.8
Arizona	125	106	93	4.0	3.3	2.9
Arkansas	53	55	51	3.9	4.0	3.7
California	508	465	433	2.8	2.6	2.4
Colorado	103	91	96	3.6	3.1	3.2
Connecticut	55	46	53	3.3	2.7	3.1
Delaware	21	17	17	4.4	3.6	3.5
District of Columbia	25	23	21	3.2	3.0	2.7
Florida	363	399	410	3.7	4.0	4.1
Georgia	206	180	162	4.2	3.7	3.3
Hawaii	19	20	16	3.0	3.2	2.5
Idaho	35	30	34	4.2	3.5	3.9
Illinois	229	150	212	3.8	2.5	3.5
Indiana	118	97	100	3.7	3.0	3.1
Iowa	51	40	43	3.3	2.5	2.7
Kansas	44	43	49	3.0	3.0	3.4
Kentucky	85	70	71	4.3	3.5	3.5
Louisiana	92	84	76	4.7	4.3	3.9
Maine	23	20	21	3.7	3.1	3.3
Maryland	106	85	88	3.9	3.1	3.2
Massachusetts	108	79	101	2.9	2.1	2.7
Michigan	149	125	140	3.4	2.8	3.2
Minnesota	93	69	75	3.2	2.3	2.5
Mississippi	43	42	39	3.7	3.5	3.3
Missouri	105	94	99	3.6	3.1	3.3
Montana	22	20	21	4.3	3.8	4.1
Nebraska	33	30	34	3.2	2.9	3.2
Nevada	64	60	58	4.2	3.8	3.7
New Hampshire	26	21	24	3.8	3.0	3.4
New Jersey	205	121	198	4.8	2.8	4.6
New Mexico	32	25	27	3.7	2.9	3.1
New York	272	189	245	2.8	2.0	2.5
North Carolina	178	205	162	3.6	4.1	3.3
North Dakota	17	13	14	3.9	3.0	3.2
Ohio	190	171	179	3.4	3.1	3.2
Oklahoma	73	69	68	4.2	3.9	3.9
Oregon	76	62	61	3.8	3.1	3.1
Pennsylvania	177	140	150	2.9	2.3	2.5
Rhode Island	21	19	20	4.3	3.9	3.9
South Carolina	91	92	109	4.0	4.0	4.6
South Dakota	17	14	14	3.8	3.1	3.1
Tennessee	140	153	123	4.2	4.6	3.7
Texas	539	511	413	3.9	3.6	2.9
Utah	57	54	50	3.3	3.1	2.9
Vermont	10	9	9	3.4	2.9	3.0
Virginia	168	147	156	4.1	3.5	3.7
Washington	117	98	94	3.2	2.7	2.6
West Virginia	34	27	27	4.9	3.8	3.7
Wisconsin	85	72	75	2.9	2.4	2.5
Wyoming	11	9	10	3.8	3.2	3.4
Footnotes (p) Preliminary

Table 8. Total separations levels and rates for total nonfarm by state, not seasonally adjusted

State	Levels (in thousands)			Rates
	Mar. 2023	Feb. 2024	Mar. 2024(p)	Mar. 2023	Feb. 2024	Mar. 2024(p)
TOTAL U.S.	5,233	4,535	4,502	3.4	2.9	2.9
Alabama	86	64	84	4.0	2.9	3.8
Alaska	12	12	17	3.7	3.7	5.3
Arizona	130	97	100	4.1	3.0	3.1
Arkansas	57	47	42	4.2	3.4	3.1
California	541	425	382	3.0	2.4	2.1
Colorado	113	91	88	3.9	3.1	3.0
Connecticut	48	48	44	2.9	2.9	2.6
Delaware	19	17	14	3.9	3.5	2.9
District of Columbia	19	17	17	2.4	2.2	2.2
Florida	375	338	376	3.9	3.4	3.8
Georgia	223	141	148	4.6	2.9	3.0
Hawaii	18	18	19	2.9	2.9	3.0
Idaho	31	32	33	3.7	3.7	3.9
Illinois	196	152	174	3.2	2.5	2.9
Indiana	109	97	92	3.4	3.0	2.8
Iowa	46	46	42	3.0	2.9	2.6
Kansas	49	40	47	3.4	2.8	3.2
Kentucky	83	66	62	4.2	3.3	3.1
Louisiana	106	73	71	5.4	3.8	3.6
Maine	21	23	21	3.4	3.6	3.3
Maryland	107	84	80	4.0	3.1	2.9
Massachusetts	87	83	76	2.3	2.3	2.1
Michigan	124	105	120	2.8	2.4	2.7
Minnesota	91	93	79	3.1	3.1	2.7
Mississippi	54	40	41	4.6	3.4	3.5
Missouri	96	91	84	3.2	3.1	2.8
Montana	21	22	22	4.2	4.3	4.2
Nebraska	32	29	29	3.1	2.7	2.7
Nevada	62	67	57	4.0	4.3	3.6
New Hampshire	30	24	23	4.4	3.4	3.3
New Jersey	126	92	107	3.0	2.1	2.5
New Mexico	32	27	29	3.6	3.0	3.2
New York	207	200	245	2.2	2.1	2.5
North Carolina	175	136	137	3.6	2.7	2.7
North Dakota	14	13	14	3.4	3.1	3.3
Ohio	162	153	148	2.9	2.7	2.6
Oklahoma	66	59	60	3.8	3.4	3.4
Oregon	66	69	63	3.3	3.5	3.2
Pennsylvania	156	153	157	2.6	2.5	2.6
Rhode Island	19	17	16	3.9	3.4	3.2
South Carolina	108	81	76	4.7	3.5	3.2
South Dakota	15	14	13	3.2	2.9	2.8
Tennessee	149	118	117	4.5	3.6	3.5
Texas	483	500	423	3.5	3.6	3.0
Utah	58	58	59	3.4	3.3	3.4
Vermont	11	10	10	3.7	3.1	3.3
Virginia	164	127	142	4.0	3.0	3.4
Washington	115	104	82	3.2	2.9	2.3
West Virginia	29	24	25	4.1	3.3	3.4
Wisconsin	86	87	82	2.9	2.9	2.7
Wyoming	11	12	12	3.9	4.3	4.3
Footnotes (p) Preliminary

Table 9. Quits levels and rates for total nonfarm by state, not seasonally adjusted

State	Levels (in thousands)			Rates
	Mar. 2023	Feb. 2024	Mar. 2024(p)	Mar. 2023	Feb. 2024	Mar. 2024(p)
TOTAL U.S.	3,466	2,814	2,972	2.2	1.8	1.9
Alabama	61	38	49	2.8	1.7	2.2
Alaska	7	8	12	2.3	2.6	3.7
Arizona	91	62	61	2.9	1.9	1.9
Arkansas	38	30	28	2.8	2.2	2.0
California	319	273	242	1.8	1.5	1.3
Colorado	62	61	56	2.2	2.1	1.9
Connecticut	30	25	26	1.8	1.5	1.5
Delaware	13	11	9	2.6	2.2	1.9
District of Columbia	12	10	10	1.6	1.4	1.4
Florida	271	258	263	2.8	2.6	2.6
Georgia	146	90	95	3.0	1.8	1.9
Hawaii	12	11	11	1.8	1.8	1.8
Idaho	20	21	20	2.4	2.4	2.3
Illinois	122	87	118	2.0	1.4	1.9
Indiana	75	62	65	2.3	1.9	2.0
Iowa	30	28	29	1.9	1.8	1.8
Kansas	31	23	33	2.2	1.6	2.2
Kentucky	58	42	40	2.9	2.1	2.0
Louisiana	72	44	45	3.7	2.3	2.3
Maine	12	10	14	2.0	1.6	2.1
Maryland	71	52	52	2.6	1.9	1.9
Massachusetts	49	44	47	1.3	1.2	1.3
Michigan	77	62	74	1.8	1.4	1.7
Minnesota	61	49	54	2.1	1.7	1.8
Mississippi	37	25	27	3.1	2.1	2.3
Missouri	66	62	60	2.2	2.1	2.0
Montana	13	14	13	2.6	2.8	2.4
Nebraska	20	18	19	2.0	1.7	1.8
Nevada	40	39	36	2.6	2.5	2.3
New Hampshire	19	11	14	2.8	1.5	1.9
New Jersey	75	46	76	1.8	1.1	1.8
New Mexico	20	17	17	2.4	2.0	2.0
New York	138	123	173	1.4	1.3	1.8
North Carolina	105	86	97	2.2	1.7	1.9
North Dakota	9	8	9	2.1	1.8	2.0
Ohio	120	92	107	2.2	1.7	1.9
Oklahoma	45	38	37	2.6	2.2	2.1
Oregon	44	42	36	2.2	2.1	1.8
Pennsylvania	102	88	75	1.7	1.4	1.2
Rhode Island	11	8	10	2.2	1.6	1.9
South Carolina	78	57	50	3.4	2.4	2.1
South Dakota	10	8	8	2.1	1.7	1.8
Tennessee	90	70	80	2.7	2.1	2.4
Texas	348	306	312	2.5	2.2	2.2
Utah	37	35	35	2.2	2.0	2.0
Vermont	6	4	6	2.1	1.4	1.9
Virginia	111	75	93	2.7	1.8	2.2
Washington	74	67	50	2.1	1.9	1.4
West Virginia	20	15	17	2.9	2.1	2.3
Wisconsin	56	51	57	1.9	1.7	1.9
Wyoming	7	8	7	2.5	2.7	2.5
Footnotes (p) Preliminary

Table 10. Layoffs and discharges levels and rates for total nonfarm by state, not seasonally adjusted

State	Levels (in thousands)			Rates
	Mar. 2023	Feb. 2024	Mar. 2024(p)	Mar. 2023	Feb. 2024	Mar. 2024(p)
TOTAL U.S.	1,516	1,426	1,218	1.0	0.9	0.8
Alabama	21	22	29	1.0	1.0	1.3
Alaska	3	3	4	1.1	0.8	1.2
Arizona	30	30	34	1.0	0.9	1.0
Arkansas	16	14	12	1.2	1.1	0.8
California	195	127	108	1.1	0.7	0.6
Colorado	37	25	26	1.3	0.8	0.9
Connecticut	17	16	13	1.0	1.0	0.8
Delaware	5	5	4	1.1	1.1	0.9
District of Columbia	5	5	5	0.7	0.6	0.7
Florida	90	69	98	0.9	0.7	1.0
Georgia	65	45	42	1.3	0.9	0.8
Hawaii	5	5	7	0.8	0.8	1.0
Idaho	8	9	11	1.0	1.0	1.3
Illinois	68	52	45	1.1	0.9	0.7
Indiana	29	28	22	0.9	0.9	0.7
Iowa	12	15	10	0.8	0.9	0.6
Kansas	13	13	11	0.9	0.9	0.8
Kentucky	21	19	17	1.1	1.0	0.8
Louisiana	30	26	19	1.5	1.3	1.0
Maine	8	10	5	1.3	1.6	0.8
Maryland	30	27	19	1.1	1.0	0.7
Massachusetts	34	28	19	0.9	0.8	0.5
Michigan	42	37	34	1.0	0.8	0.8
Minnesota	23	39	20	0.8	1.3	0.7
Mississippi	13	12	11	1.1	1.0	0.9
Missouri	22	23	18	0.7	0.8	0.6
Montana	6	6	7	1.2	1.2	1.4
Nebraska	8	9	7	0.8	0.8	0.7
Nevada	18	25	18	1.2	1.6	1.1
New Hampshire	10	10	7	1.5	1.5	0.9
New Jersey	45	36	22	1.1	0.8	0.5
New Mexico	8	7	9	0.9	0.8	1.1
New York	54	67	62	0.6	0.7	0.6
North Carolina	58	44	31	1.2	0.9	0.6
North Dakota	4	5	4	0.9	1.1	1.0
Ohio	33	50	28	0.6	0.9	0.5
Oklahoma	18	18	18	1.0	1.0	1.0
Oregon	17	19	21	0.9	1.0	1.1
Pennsylvania	49	46	69	0.8	0.8	1.1
Rhode Island	7	7	5	1.5	1.5	0.9
South Carolina	26	20	20	1.1	0.9	0.9
South Dakota	3	4	4	0.7	0.9	0.8
Tennessee	53	42	30	1.6	1.3	0.9
Texas	122	173	94	0.9	1.2	0.7
Utah	15	18	20	0.9	1.0	1.2
Vermont	5	4	3	1.5	1.3	1.0
Virginia	44	45	37	1.1	1.1	0.9
Washington	33	27	27	0.9	0.8	0.8
West Virginia	7	8	6	1.0	1.1	0.8
Wisconsin	22	31	20	0.7	1.0	0.7
Wyoming	3	3	4	1.1	1.2	1.5
Footnotes (p) Preliminary